DOE has set up specific guidelines for the design and construction process of HEP experiments which it funds, set forth in DOE order 413.3A. A DOE Project is the means by which those guidelines are followed. The overall process has 5 major checkpoints, called Critical Decisions, or CDs. CD-0 marks the formal start of a Project, and CD-4 marks its end. In between are three checkpoints in the design process: CD-1, which approves the conceptual designs; CD-2, which approves the cost and schedule baseline for the selected design; and CD-3, which approves the design completeness and the start of construction. Each of these CD checkpoints corresponds to a DOE-led review of the project. As should be clear from this description, the design process is well scrutinized before construction is approved to start. In short, a Project puts effort into planning the entire design and construction process, set out in a schedule, and then follows the scheduled plan.
The project manager is C. James, Fermilab. Critical Decision 0 (CD-0), marking the formal start of the project, was granted in September 2009.